Umzobo 1: Umzobo weBhlokhi wesixhobo sezonyango usebenzisa imemori yangaphandle yokuxhasa ukusebenza okuphezulu
Umceli mngeni wokuqala kwimidlalo yoYilo lweNkqubo kukuchonga inkqubo efanelekileyo kwi-chip (SOC) okanye i-microcontroller ukuya kwintliziyo yenkqubo. Kufuneka ikwazi ukubonelela ngentsebenzo oyifunayo ngelixa kwangaxeshanye kunciphisa uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwenkqubo.
Izixhobo zomdinga, ezinjengeenkumbulo zangaphandle, i-intanethi, kwaye i-Telemetring Services Intsebenzo yokusebenza, ngelixa ikwaxhasa i-compact yenkqubo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla.
Ukukhetha kwememori
Isixhobo esinyuliweyo sidibanisa iintlobo ezimbini zenkumbulo, iflesh kunye ne-SRAM.
I-Flash yinkumbulo-kalula, ingesomemori engekhoyo exhasa inani eliqingqiweyo lokubhala. Isetyenziselwa ukubamba idatha eqingqiweyo okanye etshintsha kancinci njengekhowudi yesicelo, ulwazi lwenkqubo, kunye / okanye / okanye i-Post-Rep-DEARD SOGS.
I-SRAM kukufikelela okukhawulezileyo, imemori ye-windows ebonelela ngomjikelo wokubhala ongenamda. Isetyenziselwa ukugcina idatha yenkqubo yexesha lokwexeshana.
Njengoko inkqubo yobunzima bonyukayo, kunjalo ke kukwenza ikhowudi yokuntywila kwimisebenzi emininzi yezibalo kunye ne-algorithms. Umthamo wememori yangaphakathi ye-chip ayinakusebenza. Iinkqubo zonyango eziphathwayo zihlala zifuna ukugcina ngaphezulu, zifuna abaqulunqi ukongeza imemori yangaphakathi ngememori yangaphandle (umzobo 1).
Imemori ephantsi yamandla yangaphandle inokusetyenziselwa ukwanda kwe-RAM RAM, ngokwesiqhelo i-SRAM iphantsi kakhulu kwaye ilindelwe okwangoku. Izinketho zokugcina okungaguqukiyo zibandakanya i-flash, i-EEPROM, i-MRM, kunye ne-F-RAM.
Imemori ye-Flash Flash isetyenziselwa inkqubo engeyiyo eyenziwayo kunye nokwandiswa kwedatha ngenxa yexabiso layo eliphantsi kunye nokufumaneka koxinano oluphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, inzuzo enkulu yokusebenzisa amandla, enciphisa ubomi bokusebenza kwezixhobo ezisekwe ibhetri.
Ezinye izicelo zithabathe indawo yememori ene-efmom, kodwa oku akusasebenzi ibhetri, ngakumbi xa ukusebenza kubandakanya ukubhala okubanzi kwi-EEFROM. Ikwabangela uyilo lwekhowudi yokufunda.
I-Magneto-Poitive Ram (MRM) inonyamezelo lokubhala olungenamkhawulo. Ukungaqiniseki kwayo, nangona kunjalo, kukuba utya i-riser risess isebenza kakhulu kwaye inyanzelekile kwimimandla yemagnethi enokuthi ibonakalise idatha. Ezi mpawu ke ngoko zenza ukuba zingalungiswanga kwizixhobo zebhetri.
I-Ferroelectric Ram (i-F-RAM), inezibonelelo ezininzi eziphambili kwizixhobo zonyango eziphathwayo kwaye inomjikelezo wokubhalwa okuphezulu.
Iingxaki zoNyango
Umzobo 2: Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwi-4MB bhala (μj) yetekhnoloji yeememori ezingezizo
Unyamezelo lokubhala olulinganiselweyo lwe-eOPROM kunye nefleshi lenza imiba enokubakho yezixhobo zonyango ekufuneka igcine izinto zedatha zihlala zihlaziywa. Ifleshi inika unyamezelo malunga noku-1E + 5 no-Eprom ngu-1E + 6. Unyamezelo lwe-F-RM Ring Doubredation ngu-1E + 14 (okanye i-100 trillion). Oku kwenza ukuba izibonelelo zikwazi ukungena kwidatha engaphezulu ngaphandle kokuphumeza i-algorithms ye-algoriths enesitayile kunye nokubonelela ngokusemandleni abongezelelweyo (umzobo 3).
Inzuzo yesibini kukuba uyilo lwangaphakathi lwe-F-RAM uxhasa ii-odolo zobukhulu obusebenzayo
Umzekelo, i-Extlon F-REMS ukusuka kwiCypress Inkxaso yokulinda, amandla anzulu ezantsi kunye ne-hibernate meles. Ukuziphumeza ezi zicelo kunokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla malunga nee-odolo ezimbini zobukhulu kwindibaniselwano yendlela esebenzayo yamandla.
Umzobo 3: Umjikelo wonyamezelo uthelekiso lwetekhnoloji engaguqukiyo
I-EEPROM kunye neFlash ifuna ukuba amaXesha ongezelelweyo ePaumark / Page-Bhala, ngaloo ndlela ayanda inkqubo yexesha elisebenzayo lokubhala. I-F-RAM's An-Hotition's Ansotainess ivumela iinkqubo ezisebenzisa ibhetri ukuba icime ngokupheleleyo ukuhambisa amandla okanye ukwehla ngokukhawuleza inkqubo kwimowudi ye-IDle ephantsi yokunciphisa ixesha elisebenzayo kunye nokusebenza okwangoku.
Oku kukwaphucula ukuthembeka kwizicelo ezinemilinganiselo yexesha lokugcina ixesha apho idatha isengozini ngexesha lempazamo yamandla. Iiseli ze-F-RAM ziyanyamezela kakhulu kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zemitha, kubandakanya i-X-rays kunye ne-gamma ye-rays kwaye ikhuselekile amasimi, ukukhusela idatha erekhodiweyo.
Ezinye izixhobo ze-F-RAM, ezinje nge-Extlon LP, ibonelele ngempazamo yekhowudi yokulungisa (i-ECC) enokuthi ifumane kwaye ilungise iimpazamo zedatha ye-64-bit nganye kwi-Logs Systems. I-F-RAM ikwaxhasa i-Peak elawulwa yi-Peak ngoku (okt kuLawulo lwangoku lwangoku olungaphantsi kwe-1.5 ma) ukuthintela ukuqaliswa kwebhetri.
I-F-RAM inokugcinwa ekupakisheni ezisebenzayo. Umzekelo, i-Excen LP inikezela nge-8Mbit kwaye ifumaneka kwi-SIDS-PIN ye-SINHIC kunye ne-Minic-Pin-Pin-Pin Iiphakheji ze-Gqfz ezingena kwi-50mhz SPI i / o kunye ne-quad-spi) i / o.
I-F-RAM's phantse i-DAMORINIRANTION, i-HOTIONS engapheliyo kunye nokusebenzisa amandla aphantsi kuvumela abaqulunqwa benkqubo ukudibanisa zombini idatha ye-RAM- kunye ne-Roma esekwe kwimemori kwimemori enye.
Itekhnoloji esemthethweni ye-ROM, kubandakanya iMask-Rom, i-OTP-Eprom, kunye ne-flash, ayizizo kwaye ijolise kwizicelo zokugcina ikhowudi.
I-Nand-Flash kunye ne-EEPROM inokusebenza njengememori yedatha engaguqukiyo. Zonke ezi zinto zifuna ukulalanisa, kuba zenza zombini ikhowudi kunye nokugcinwa kwedatha ngokusebenza okuphantsi xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iinkumbulo.
Ezi teknoloji zigxile kwiindleko ezisezantsi, ezifuna ukurhweba ekusebenziseni iindlela zokusetyenziswa kunye / okanye ukusebenza.
Itekhnoloji esekwe kwi-RAM isebenza njengememori yedatha kunye nendawo yokusebenza yekhowudi yokutshutshiswa kwekhowudi xa kusenziwa kwi-flash ingcan kuyacotha. I-RAM ibonelela ngomdibaniso wekhowudi kunye nokusebenza kwedatha, kodwa indalo yayo yokuguqulela ibeka umda kukusetyenziswa kwayo kwitoto.
Izicelo eziphathwayo zifuna ukusebenza okuphezulu kwizinto ezimbalwa ezinokwenzeka.
Ukusebenzisa iintlobo ezininzi zememori kunokukhokelela ekungasebenzi kakuhle, kuyilo lwekhowudi kwaye lutya amandla amaninzi.
Ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuthembeka kwe-F-RM kwenza ukuba kwenzeke kwitekhnoloji yenkumbulo enye ukuphatha ikhowudi kunye nedatha.
Kulunyamezelo ukuxhasa ukungena okuphezulu kwedatha ngelixa ukwehla kwenkqubo, ukwanda kwenkqubo yokusebenza ngokuphunyezwayo kunye nokunciphisa ubunzima.
